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Situation maps

Conflict maps

Analyst-annotated situation maps for the conflicts we cover — each one dated, sourced, and drawn from our research briefs. Control zones are approximate and front lines shift; these maps are schematic, not precise cartography.

Vintage-style desk globes — a cartographer's tools. Photo: Pexels
Vintage-style desk globes — a cartographer's tools. Photo: Pexels

Situation map

Ukraine: the eastern front, September 2026

FORTRESS BELTKyivKharkivKupyanskLymanSlovyanskKramatorskKostyantynivkaPokrovsk — main-effort axisDonetsk city — occupied since 2014LuhanskMariupolZaporizhzhia (city) — Ukrainian-heldOrikhivKherson (city) — Ukrainian-heldOdesaBELARUSRUSSIAPOLANDROMANIADNIPROSEA OF AZOVBLACK SEALyman sector: Ukrainians hold Nove+ Shandryholove — no Russianadvances Sep 29–30 (ISW).Heaviest fighting:Pokrovsk–Dobropillya axis +Fortress Belt approaches.Sep 24–30: no confirmed advances —infiltration, not breakthroughs.ISW: Russian “encirclement” claimsfabricated — “beautiful reports”;nearest Russian ground ~10 kmfrom Dobropillya.Mud season: rains slowed Russiandrones near Kupyansk — motorcycles,ATVs & foot infiltration.Winter 2026–27 campaign began Sep 29–30:~190 drones + missiles vs Kyiv energy grid;Trypillya plant damaged; outages — largestenergy strike since ~Apr 2026.Diplomacy: Trump's 3-step plan(energy ceasefire, grain corridor, talks) —Kremlin: “premature”. Sep 30: likelyRussian drone crashed in Moldova (Hirbovat).Russian-heldUkrainian-heldcontestedfront line (approx.)
Schematic — not precise cartography. Pokrovsk and Dobropillya remain the main-effort axis with no confirmed advances; Russia's winter 2026–27 strike campaign began Sep 29–30 with ~190 drones and missiles against Kyiv's energy grid. ISW calls Russian encirclement claims baseless, and Ukraine holds Nove and Shandryholove near Lyman. Read the explainer

Situation map

Gaza & the West Bank: the “ceasefire” map

MEDITERRANEANYELLOW LINEIDF-CONTROLLEDDeir al BalahKhan YounisRafah“under Israeli control”ISRAELEGYPT / SINAIJeninTulkarmNur ShamsNablusBethlehemRamallahSouth 'AnataE1 →JORDANWest Bank camps emptied:Jenin, Nur Shams, Tulkarmdepopulated early 2025; returnstill barred. Sep 15–21 demolitionsdisplaced 147 — 3× the 2026 average.E1 flashpoint: Bedouin demolitionsat South 'Anata, next to planned E1settlement expansion E of Jerusalem.The Yellow Line is moving:IDF pushed it inward since Oct 2025 —Palestinians now confined to <40%.Ceasefire in name: IDF holds over half;Hamas still armed; no new government.$2.45B Board of Peace plan (Sep 23) —stalled on disarmament sequencing.Aid is the chokepoint: EducationCluster got 13% of its $170.8M;the 2026 appeal ~40% funded;shelter clusters at 2% and 26%.Rafah: EUBAM mandate renewed toJun 2027; new head Col. VittorioStingo (Nov 1). >13,000 crossings —supervised, not a reopening.9 in 10 Gazans displaced — 1,402 dead,4,881 injured since Oct 2025 (OCHA);~200,000 children out of school.IDF-controlledHamas-presenceYellow Line (approx.)GAZA / W. BANK
Schematic — not precise cartography. The Yellow Line keeps moving inward, the IDF holds over half of Gaza while Hamas stays armed, and later ceasefire phases are stalled. In the West Bank, three refugee camps sit depopulated and the E1 corridor is the new flashpoint. Read the explainer

Situation map

Lebanon & Syria: the northern front

MEDITERRANEANSEC. ZONEBLUE LINEEX-SDF ZONESuwaydaMt Hermon (peak held)EUPHRATESRmeichNaqoura (UNIFIL HQ)HasakahDamascusTÜRKIYEIRAQJORDANUNIFIL is leaving: after ~48 years,withdrawal begins end-2026 — diplomatsfear losing the UN's “eyes and ears”.Rmeich's ~6,000 still supplied byUNIFIL-escorted convoys.Two Yellow Lines: Gaza's ceasefire line≠ Lebanon's occupation boundary.Different lines, different wars.Sep 26–27: Hezbollah explosive droneat IDF troops in the security zone;retaliatory IDF strikes — reportedby Lebanese/Israeli outlets.Disarmament deadlock: US-brokered armydeployments vs Hezbollah's refusal todisarm while Israel remains.War reignited Mar 2026:Hezbollah rocket endedthe 2024 ceasefire;60+ villages razed.Suwayda's Druze heartland: the flashpointof Syria's transition — internal linesdeliberately not drawn here.UNGA Sep 23: al-Sharaa demands Israeliwithdrawal to Dec 8, 2024 lines; Katz:forces stay “as long as threats persist”.Israel's Syria footprint:9 installations, Mt Hermon peak;Sijil Center: 267 violationsin Syria in August alone.Israeli-held zoneDamascus-heldcontestedYellow Line (approx.)LEBANON / SYRIA
Schematic — not precise cartography. UNIFIL prepares to leave after ~48 years, Israel's security zone in south Lebanon is now a “Yellow Line” of its own, and the 2024 ceasefire is dead. Sep 26–27 saw a Hezbollah drone–IDF strike exchange; in Syria, al-Sharaa demands a withdrawal Israel refuses. Read the explainer

Situation map

Sudan: a formalized split

KhartoumPort SudanEl-Fasher — fell Oct 2025El ObeidSodari (RSF-held)DillingBabanusaEd DamazinCHADRED SEAS. SUDANDrone warfare defines this phase —both sides hit civilians: RSF droneon an aid convoy (Feb); SAF droneson a Ghubaysh market (~28 killed).Foreign hands (UN, early Sep):“reasonable grounds” UAE-tiednetworks supply the RSF — up to 2,000ex-Colombian contractorson drones/artillery. UAE denies.UNGA Sep 29: Khartoum rep calledUAE “the country of evil”.Displacement: ~8.6M IDPs;~19.5M face crisis-level hunger;famine at Zamzam, ≥5 localities.IOM (Sep 25): supply pipelinecould run dry within 2 weeks.A formalized split:SAF north/east/center vs RSF Darfur;Kordofan + Blue Nile are the seams.No ceasefire anywhere.El Obeid — “the next El-Fasher”: Sep 23–26drone attacks + clashes across N Kordofan;2 displaced killed Sep 25; food +300%.Sodari locality: SAF took Jumama, Al-Mamsouka,Al-Qaa (geolocated); Sodari town still RSF.Death toll: ACLED confirms 58,000–62,000;epidemiological floor ≈62,000 — the truetoll likely far higher. Never one figure.SAF-heldRSF-heldcontestedSUDAN
Schematic — not precise cartography. SAF holds the north, east and center; the RSF holds Darfur; Kordofan and Blue Nile are the active seams. In September SAF pushed into the Sodari locality — Sodari town still RSF-held — El Obeid faces a drone campaign, and a UN panel points to UAE-tied supply networks behind the RSF. Read the explainer

Situation map

The Sahel: record violence, April's turning point

BamakoOuagadougouMopti / SévaréNionoKidal — surrendered, Africa Corps leftNiameyGaoTessit — JNIM-claimedAoréma / KlioALGERIAApril 2026 — the turning point:JNIM + FLA hit Kati, Bamako airport,Mopti, Sévaré, Gao simultaneously(25 Apr); defense minister killed;Africa Corps quit Kidal.Foreign actors:Wagner → Africa Corps (~2,000Russians in Mali); China commercial(Niger oil, Mali lithium).Records breaking:63 (2016) → 2,845 (2025);~2,145 in 2026 — on courseto pass 3,000.Two franchises, one turf war:IS-Sahel struck a JNIM position inNiger's Tillabéri in 2026 — theirwar crossed into Niger.Sep 30: JNIM ambushed an Africa Corpspatrol near Niono, central Mali — ≥7killed/wounded, 2 vehicles destroyed(JNIM claim via Democrata).Blockade as strategy:JNIM's fuel/supply blockade ofBamako routes since late 2025 —“the war can now squeeze a capital”.BF 2026: JNIM claimed >130 attacksincl. (claimed 25 Sep) two bases(Aoréma, Klio) in the north.junta townsJNIM ruralIS-SahelSAHEL
Schematic — not precise cartography. April's coordinated strikes on Bamako marked the turning point. Political violence is on course to pass 3,000 events in 2026, JNIM's blockades can squeeze a capital, and IS-Sahel's turf war with JNIM has crossed into Niger. Read the explainer

Situation map

Eastern DRC: two fronts, stalled diplomacy

Goma (M23-held)Bukavu (M23-held)MinembweMasisi–WalikaleUviraButembo / BeniKalemieUGANDARWANDABURUNDILAKE TANGANYIKATwo fronts, not one:FARDC + Wazalendo regained villagesin Masisi mid-Sep; the Minembwe /Mwenga / Uvira highlands differ.M23's stated aim: march onLubero, Butembo, Beni —the Ugandan buffer blocks them.Minembwe highlands — the hinge:≥200,000 fled since early Feb 2026.Sep 27–30: Twirwaneho/M23 pushedgovt coalition toward Lwiko/Mutunda/Miko — rebel claims, unconfirmed.War economy: Amnesty (21 Sep)alleges executions, torture,forced labor at Rubaya coltan +Lomera gold mines; mineralssmuggled to Rwanda.Wazalendo — pro-government communitymilitias doing much of the frontlinefighting alongside FARDC.Foreign & private actors: Colombian PMCswithdrew to Uvira early Sep; Chinese-madeYitian air-defense captured; FARDC “Owls”special forces deployed.Montreux talks (Sep 30): M23–Kinshasa agreeda prisoner exchange (311/166 within 10 days) +a ceasefire monitoring mechanism — reported.AFC/M23-heldpro-govtcontestedUgandan bufferE. DRC — AFRICA
Schematic — not precise cartography. Fighting continues in the Minembwe highlands, where Twirwaneho/M23 pushed the government coalition back in late September. M23 eyes the Ugandan buffer, Amnesty documents mine-site atrocities, and the Montreux talks produced a prisoner-exchange deal. Read the explainer

Situation map

Myanmar: the junta keeps shrinking

14/17Naypyidaw (junta capital)YangonMuse / KutkaiINDIATHAILANDLAOSCHINA2025 staged elections couldn't be heldacross wide areas — the junta didn'tcontrol the ground.Direction of travel: the juntaadministers less each year —firm control 21–33%;resistance holds ~42%.Brotherhood Alliance collapsed:MNDAA took Kutkai from ex-ally TNLAin March — read as pro-Beijing shift.MNDAA's political wing wentto Naypyidaw for talks.China & Russia “keep the regimeafloat” — weapons, funds, diplomacy;Beijing-brokered ceasefires cutresistance arms flows.Systematic air war on civilians:Sep 28: junta jets hit Kyauktawmarket — 50 killed, 58 wounded(per AA; Reuters unverified). Schools,monasteries, hospitals struck.Arakan Army: ~14 of Rakhine's 17townships — the country's mosteffective insurgent force.Humanitarian crisis: ~4.5M displaced;up to 16M need aid; 100,114 conflictdeaths tallied since the coup.junta-heldresistance-heldcontested / fluidMYANMAR
Schematic — not precise cartography. The junta's firm control has fallen to 21–33% of the country while the resistance holds ~42%. The Brotherhood Alliance collapsed with a pro-Beijing tilt, the Arakan Army dominates Rakhine, and the air war on civilians is systematic. Read the explainer

Situation map

Yemen: the Red Sea blitz

RED SEAGULF OF ADENAl HodeidahSana'a (Houthi capital)MokhaMaribTaizAdenDhaleSAUDI ARABIAOMANBAB AL-MANDEBMulti-sided south: Sep offensives spanAl-Bayda, Hudaydah, Jawf, Dhale, Marib,Taiz; Southern Movement resurgence.US: Trump prepared Sep 20 airstrikesat MBS's pleading — then calledthem off (NYT via Reuters).US out of the fight since early 2025.The Sep 2026 blitz:biggest map change in ~4 years —the entire Red Sea coastline+ Bab al-Mandeb islands.Energy shock: with Hormuz closed,Saudi rerouted millions bbl/dayvia East-West pipeline; Houthitargeting pushed Brent past $100.Aid squeeze: since Sep 10,movements to W-coast suspended;no OCHA access to Al Hodeidahsince Sep 9.Kahboub highlands: Houthis pressAl-Wazi'iyah / Ras al-Ara towardAden; Saudi strikes “done littleto slow” (Reuters Sep 21).Sep 25–26 strikes — unverified.Humanitarian toll: 128,382 displacedAug 1–Sep 20 (98% since Aug 31);Taiz hosts 57%; ~700 killed,120,000+ fled (UN via Reuters).Houthi-heldPLC govt / alignedcontestedSep 2026 Houthi gainsYEMEN
Schematic — not precise cartography. September's Houthi blitz took the entire Red Sea coastline — the biggest map change in ~4 years. Energy markets reeled as Hormuz closed, Trump called off planned Sep 20 airstrikes, and Houthis are pressing the Kahboub highlands toward Aden. Read the explainer

Situation map

Somalia: the AU draws down

INDIAN OCEANBerberaMogadishuJilibAadan YabaalTeedaanETHIOPIAKENYAAUSSOM drawdown: UNSC Res. 2809 keeps11,826 troops through Dec 31, 2026;US grants a 1-year UNSOS phase-outfrom Jan 2027 — then UN support ends;~$130M funding gap.Mission shrinkage: ~22,000 AU troops(mid-2010s) → ~12,000 today;now protecting held towns; funding gap.Post-AUSSOM: security bilateral —Uganda (~2,000, Mogadishu area),Kenya, Ethiopia stay; Türkiye nowthe key partner; US drones stay.Disputed claim: AUSSOM chief says noground lost since Mar 2025 — setagainst recaptures (Teedaan etc.);Sep 28: SNA says it repelled anal-Shabaab attack on Baidoa.Middle Shabelle hotspot:al-Shabaab “concentratedmuch of its activity” herethrough 2026.Leadership decapitation: intel chiefkilled in Jilib 23 Aug; AFRICOM struckQumbi 24 Sep — 6 strikes in September.govt / AUSSOMal-ShabaabcontestedSOMALIA — HORN
Schematic — not precise cartography. AUSSOM winds down with UNSC Res. 2809 keeping 11,826 troops through Dec 31, 2026 — then no further UN support on offer. Somalia's security future is bilateral — Uganda, Kenya, Ethiopia and Türkiye. Middle Shabelle remains the hotspot. Read the explainer

Visual explainers

Schematics & explainers

Hand-drawn schematic diagrams that accompany our explainers — illustrative, clearly labeled, and linked to the articles they were made for.

Schematic

The Taiwan Strait

China(mainland)Taiwanunofficial median line≈130–180 kmTaiwan Strait
Schematic illustration — not to scale. Roughly 130–180 km wide at its narrowest, separating mainland China from Taiwan. The dashed median line is an unofficial boundary neither side formally recognizes as a border. Read the explainer →

Schematic

The Red Sea chokepoint

Red SeaBab el-Mandeb≈30 km at narrowestGulf of Aden↑ to Suez CanalYemenrerouted shipping → around Africa
Schematic illustration — not to scale. The Bab el-Mandeb strait — about 30 km wide at its narrowest — links the Red Sea to the Gulf of Aden. Houthi attacks on shipping here since November 2023 forced many vessels around Africa instead of using the Suez route. Read the explainer →

Schematic

Anatomy of a no-fly zone

Protected airspacecombat air patrolAWACS / refuelingenemy air defenses(must be suppressed)underpinned by a legal mandate (e.g. UN Security Council resolution)
Schematic illustration — not to scale. A no-fly zone is not a line on a map — it is an enforcement operation: aircraft on patrol, air defenses suppressed, and a legal mandate behind it. Enforcement is what makes it hard, costly, and risky. Read the explainer →

Schematic

How combat footage gets verified

Geolocation
Match landmarks, road layouts, terrain to satellite imagery
Chronolocation
Sun angle, shadows, weather vs. the claimed date
File forensics
Metadata, compression history, signs of editing
Provenance
Reverse image search — has this clip appeared before?
Schematic illustration — not to scale. Open-source analysts cross-check footage four ways before trusting it: where it was filmed, when it was filmed, whether the file itself is authentic, and whether it already existed online. Read the explainer →